Buraco na superfície de Marte faz Nasa se questionar o que há dentro

Uma imagem capturada pela câmera High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) no Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) da NASA revelou um buraco na superfície de Marte, cuja composição interna ainda é desconhecida para os cientistas.

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O buraco mede alguns metros de diâmetro e está localizado na região de Arsia Mons, um dos vulcões adormecidos do grupo Tharsis Montes, uma vasta planície vulcânica elevada, cerca de 10 km acima da média do planeta.

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A imagem mostra uma parede lateral iluminada do poço, sugerindo que pode ser um poço cilíndrico, possivelmente ligado a tubos de lava subterrâneos. Mas, a natureza do buraco permanece incerta.

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Esses poços são semelhantes às crateras encontradas em vulcões havaianos. No Havaí, essas crateras variam de 6 a 186 metros de profundidade e de 8 a 1.140 metros de largura. O poço em Arsia Mons tem cerca de 178 metros de profundidade.

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Comparado com Marte, os cientistas têm um entendimento mais claro sobre poços e tubos de lava na Lua, que são termicamente estáveis a cerca de 17°C e possuem pisos cobertos de pedras.

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Marte é um planeta mais complexo, e há muitas evidências sugerindo a existência de tubos de lava. A gravidade mais fraca de Marte permite tubos maiores que os da Terra, e imagens mostram canais que são tubos colapsados, o que sugere a existência de tubos intactos.

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Um poço em Pavonis Mons, outro vulcão marciano, parece conter um vazio que indica a possível presença de um tubo de lava maior. Embora a evidência sugira a abundância desses tubos em Marte, a confirmação exige missões robóticas para exploração direta.

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